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Better color costs more, a lot more. Better clarity costs more. Better cut may cost a little more but it is worth it! Thebigger the stone, the more it is per carat. Withineach variety, prices are based on these four Cs, with color as the most important factor. There is a more detailedexplanation in the judging quality section.
We can break the price ranges of thedifferent gem varieties down into five basic categories:traditional gemstones, newclassics, connoisseur(鉴赏家，鉴定家;行家，内行，权威)gems, collector gemstones, andaffordable gems. These categories have basicprice ranges, but, again lower quality stones or stones with less popularcolors may cost less and stones with particularly fine quality or color maycost more. These price ranges are meant to give you a general idea of therelationship of prices between different kinds of gemstones and not to serve asa price list, since color and quality can make such a difference.
The traditional gemstones are ruby, emerald(祖母绿) and blue sapphire.Because of their lasting appeal anddistinguished history, ruby, emerald and sapphire are more valuable thanother colored gemstones.Generally, ruby and emerald are also pricedhigher than a comparable quality sapphire due to rarity. For a one-caratstone of average to good quality in the varieties in this category, youcan expect to pay between $250 and $10,000 percarat.（RMB1500-60000） Of course truly fine gems will cost more.
The new classics are gemstones that are the risingstars of gemstone jewelry: tanzanite（坦桑石）, tourmaline（碧玺）, aquamarine（海蓝宝）, imperial topaz（帝王托帕石）, and tsavorite garnet（沙弗莱石）. These gemstones are sometimes available in standardizedsizes but you really should look at some fine larger single stonesto see why they have so many fans. Gems in this category range between $50 to $1,000 per carat（RMB300-6000） for anaverage to good quality one carat stone, with a good example of tsavorite easily reaching $3,000（RMB18000）per carat.
Connoisseur gems are gemstones that have a morespecialized market because they are more rare. These gemstonesinclude black opal（黑欧泊）, jadeite（翡翠）, pink topaz（粉红色黄玉/托帕石）, chrysoberyl cat's-eye（金绿宝石猫眼）, fancy colored sapphires（彩色蓝宝石）, and rare stones like demantoidgarnet（翠榴石） and alexandrite（亚历山大变石）. These gemstones are highly prized and prices rangefrom $250 to $5,000 per carat（RMB1500-30000）, although alexandritewith a good color change will command at least $10,000（RMB60000） even ina one-carat size.
Collector's gems are not available in quantityto be marketed effectively so you get a lot of beauty for the money. Thiscategory includes spinel（尖晶石）, zircon（锆石）, moonstone（月长石）, morganite（摩根石） and other beryls（绿玉，绿宝石;绿柱石）, and many rare gemstones. Red and hot pink spinels can command a few thousand percaratbut most of the gems inthis category will sell for hundreds not thousands.
Then there are the affordable gemstones, whichcombine great color with a surprisingly reasonable price and good availability.These gems include some old favorites and some new gems: amethyst（紫水晶）, whiteopal（白蛋白石）, citrine（黄水晶）,ametrine（紫黄晶，玻利维亚石）, peridot（橄榄石，贵橄榄石）,rhodolite（红榴石）garnet（石榴石）, bluetopaz（？）, iolite（堇青石;霓霞岩）, chrome diopside（铬透辉石）, kunzite（紫锂辉石）, andalusite（红柱石）, andmany ornamental gemstones such as lapis lazuli（青金石）,turquoise（绿松石）, onyx（缟玛瑙;爪甲;石华）, chrysoprase（绿玉髓）, nephrite jade（软玉）, and amber（琥珀）. Prices for thesegemstone range between $5 and $100（RMB30-600） percarat for a one carat stone.
In every variety, especially the more expensive ones, you should expect to pay more for matched pairs, sets, and special shapesand cuts.
