潜水太久。。。竟然忘了登陆密码 报应啊
重新注册 重新开帖 回顾两年前做的东西 那时候什么都不懂 独洎嗼索着不容易 接下来陆续会与大家分享这些年的成长经历 精彩的在后头~
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"Trying doesn't matter, when you always fail."
"跌倒了几次都爬不起来，你就给我原地躺着吧。"
So it looks like I made it. This was not a process I'm proud of. Instead, it was made of overloaded mental stress, struggling of whether to give it up or carrying on with suffering which the end cannot be seen.
终于盼来云开日出，其中的艰辛谁人知。整个过程不以为荣，因为经历了太多挣扎，无时不刻在抉择坚持还是放弃，若是坚持，遥看苦海无边，若是放弃，回望心有不甘。
Okay, enough of lyrical speech, let’s see how the bracelet was made.
抒情废话到此为止，下面详解制作过程。
First of all, a certain knowledge on metal’s heat treatment is required. Heat treatment is a very high value method used to improve the quality of metal materials. Heat treatment can change or influence the organization and the nature of metal, and can get higher strength, hardness, and improve the wear resistance and so on. The most commonly used heat treatments on metals are softening annealing, quenching, normalizing, surface hardening treatment, precipitation hardening.Since there was only one technique--annealing was applied during the process, others will not be specified hereunder.首先，认真学习基础的热处理知识。热处理是提高金属物理性质的有效方法，可以改变或影响其内部结构和基础性质，达到提高拉伸、硬度、抗磨损等的目的。最常见的热处理包括软化退火、淬火、正火、表面强硬化、淀积硬化。打镯子只会用到其中的退火处理，正火与退火操作与效果相似，那么在这里只介绍这两种热处理。Annealing is a technique used to recover cold work and relax stresses within a metal. Annealing typically results in a soft, ductile metal. When an annealed part is allowed to cool in the furnace, it is called a full anneal heat treatment. When an annealed part is removed from the furnace and allowed to cool in air, it is called a normalizing heat treatment. A stress relief annealing is when only the first stage of annealing is performed. The second stage of annealing is recrystallization, where new stress-free grains grow. The third stage is grain growth, which causes the existing grains to grow. To put it in a simple way, that is, the method to make forged metal soft again in order to perform continuous shaping. 退火处理意在对金属的降温与内部应力释放，使金属变得柔软，更具延展性。在保温炉中进行的退火叫做完全退火处理，移除保温炉，把金属放在空气中冷却叫做正火处理。应力释放退火的定义比较严格，必须以退火第一阶段完成为前提，第二阶段为晶体重组，即新的无应力晶粒开始形成，第三阶段为正式的形成过程，促使新的晶粒生长。简单的说，退火使得锻打后的金属再次柔软，提升了塑性，以便继续加工成形。理论上讲冷却的越慢，保温时间越久，软化效果也就约好，家里没有保温炉，只能用简陋的办法竟可能使温度降的慢些，这么一来也就没严格的退火与正火区分，以下姑且全部称为退火。
In 99.9% pureness, the raw material weighted 38.53g, and estimated wastage will be 3g to 4g on my chosen style—adjustable carved pattern. The finished product weights 35g. In order to get familiar with its physic and operability, a simple designed ring was made as a test, from which I found annealing temperature and force of forging were fairly difficult standards to follow. However the curtain was already raised.
镯子选用999千足银，原材料重38.53g，款式为伸缩型并刻花，估计损耗在3g至4g，最终成品35g整。由于之前没接触过手工银器，在做手镯前试打了一只戒指，熟悉熟悉其性质，发现退火温度与锻打力度很难控制，但是这时候已经赶鸭子上架，没退路了。
Pure beauty, isn't it?
很漂亮吧！
The virgin thermal annealing. Didn't expect it took just a minute to melt. There was one thing should be told, the torch was butane fueled and its performing temperature was quite unstable, from several hundred degrees up to fifteen hundred degrees, while the melting pint of silver is 961.78 °C. The best way to obtain a certain degree was to preheat it for over two minutes. The other aspect that effected performing temperature was its large and separated flame. Larger and longer flame meant you need to be more experienced to take control of it, for temperature differed in each part of a flame.
这是首次加热，没料到只一分钟就开始融化，补充一点，喷火的这家伙接的是丁烷气罐，输出温度极不稳定，在数百度到一千五百度间徘徊，而银的熔点为961.78 °C，为让温度稳定的最好方法是点起喷枪预热两分钟。另一个影响温度的因素是喷出的火焰大而分散，温度也就随之不集中，对于这样的火焰需要操作一段时间才能熟悉运用不同部位的温度。
Apparently overheated. The good thing was you would already be experienced enough after hundreds of annealing to deal with final exquisite craft.
显然加热过头了，不过往好的看，在完成镯子前还要退无数次的火，现在权当是练手吧，练到最后一次想必已是技艺精湛。
Repeating annealing and forging till cutting marks were gone.
不断退火，锻打，直到割痕消失。
Already melt on its surface. See the glittering part.
仔细看噌亮发光的部分，已经融化又凝固。
Now you've got a smooth surface.
表面已经平整光滑。
One of the major technical problems revealed, and it did turn out be the biggest problem hereafter. Both ends formed a concavity and as forging went on they sunk even deeper, resulted in peeling off at the tip.
打到这里出现第一个技术难题--不断锻打变长导致两头内凹，并且随之加深，到最后头上甚至开始剥落，事后回顾整个制作过程，觉得也不算什么了。
Special care on both ends, but not that effective. As the metal was shaped longer, its surface area expanded correspondingly which required stronger flame to raise and keep its temperature. Bottled butane with butane fueled torch was't a good idea at the first place except they were the cheapest heating tools that money can buy.
出了问题后两端加热特别注意，加热时间也更久，但是没起到效果。随着金属逐渐打长，表面积也随之增大，散热更快，若要退火达到与之前相同的温度，火焰温度也必须更高，丁烷罐子加野营喷枪胜任不了，但是确实是最经济的组合了。
Slight weight loss with no polishing yet.
锻打后并未打磨，有少量损耗。
Perimeter of 184mm, custom made.
量身定制的镯子，自然要明确尺寸，周长184mm
To make a modal as measurement reference. Extend the modal you'll get its measurement in details.
用电线按上面的周长做成模型，展开后的长度可以用作参照，确定银条该打成多长。
Felt solid and heavy in hands. Fulfillment welled up for the first time while being anxious about both ends.
拿着沉甸甸的，泛起满足感的同时顾虑着两头凹陷该怎么处理。
Keep forging but it didn't look well.
继续敲打，情况不妙。
You might not notice the camera lens was facing temperature of hundreds Celsius degrees in micro filming mode. Really worried the lens would melt before the silver did. The torch simply could not make it to its melting point. Well, maybe everything would be back to its track when this tip get thinner.
你可能不会注意到微距模式下相机镜头离火焰很近，直对着几百度的高温，有点担心银还没化，镜头倒吃不消了。不管用哪部分的火焰，头上的银子无论如何不肯化，无奈只能等两头打细了再作尝试。
"When an annealed part is removed from the furnace and allowed to cool in air, it is called a normalizing heat treatment." The bricks around the silver made cooling process longer which removed internal stress, i.e. to make the metal softer.
“移除保温炉，把金属放在空气中冷却叫做正火处理”，加热后的砖围着银条可以减慢降温速度，更好地消除应力，也就是变得更软。
Total three bottles of butane ran out when there was still a long way to go. While waiting for arrival of more butane bottles, our little helper here worked just fine...
喷完了三个管子，离成品还远得很， 等新气罐上门的那会时间先用煤气罩顶上了，加热起来真当吃力...
The nightmare finally came, it could not be held together where once was the concavity. Thanks to the unstable butane torch, give up this very tip was the only choice.
噩梦终于降临了，凹陷的顶端还是没能融合在一起，用手拨开就成现在这样了，三分手艺七分工具啊，放弃头上这点银吧。
Peeled-off fragments weighted 0.45g. Not a big deal, problema solved.
剥下来的损耗还过得去，减少0.45g。
Everything went back to normal...until....
之后一切恢复正常，直到...
until...
直到...
Endless forging, have to be really careful when processing anneal treatment, temperature and the time to keep it in that condition were the key, until...
绵绵无期的敲打，打细后退火处理必须非常小心注意温度与时间，一不当心就会...
...until this happened. As I mentioned earlier, unstable output temperature caused a bunch of trouble. In implementation of annealing, a sudden dash of heat melted it into two pieces. Such great wastage was not an option, then it took me another twenty successive minutes to find that flame's high temp point to weld them together.
...就会烧断（融化后断开的）。前面已经提到过，火焰输出温度极不稳定，引发灾难连连，上图起因于正常加热时突然喷出一股高温，稍不注意断成了两节，这么大的损耗绝对不能接受，会影响镯子的整体效果，接下来足足连续烧了二十分钟才达到（或者说找到）合适的火焰部位，熔接起来了。
See the crack in center of the flame? Really worried it was going to come off again, moreover it was almost center of the metal stick, which meant additional difficulty to heating up.
仔细看会发现焰心地方有轻微裂痕，担心又会像之前一样整块剥落下来，这个部位靠近镯子中心，要把它融化几乎是不可能的，好在是虚惊一场。
Forging completed. Then proceeded with polishing.
无止境的打砸终于完毕，接下来打磨。
Before polishing, also slight weight loss, could be ignored.
打磨前称个体重，同样轻微损耗，忽略不计。
This was a relatively easy part, just to file the surface as smooth as possible. Felt kind of sorry for the falling dust.
这部分相对简单了，只要尽量搓圆，锻打的越圆这部分就越省力，损耗也越少。搓下来的银粉有点小可惜。
Polished in proper order of the file, 800# water proof abrasive paper, then 1000# , 2000# , 3000# water proof abrasive paper.
按以下顺序依次打磨抛光：锉刀、800#、1000#、2000#、3000#水沙，无暇丝后进入下一步。
Anneal treatment before engraving.
开始雕刻前再一次退火。
Welded part under a magnifier.
放大镜下看之前的熔接点。
Actually they were for olive core sculpturing, not for metal engraving.
Okay, just shut up and pick a graver.
实际上这些是专门核雕用的刻刀，白钢材质（高速钢）不能雕刻金属，好在银还算软，废话少说，挑一把开工！
Sketch the pattern with a pencil, and...
用铅笔描出图案，然后
...and hold me real tight.
紧紧捆住！
Endless engraving, even more unbearable than forging. Quitting was once the only thought that possessed my mind. No reference can be found, including graver material, technique etc. Especially when you were using olive core sculpturing gravers on metal. You need to figure out your own way to handle this thing.
无止境的雕刻，甚至比锻打还难熬，曾满脑子想就这么扔了一了百了。完全找不到相关参考资料，如刻刀、技巧等，只能靠自己摸索。
Second and third time of engraving.
The first time was to leave a unwipeable mark on its surface, in place of pencil's; the second time was to deepen and widen the notches; the third time to trim.
上图进行到第二与第三遍雕刻。
第一遍只是浅浅地在金属表面留下划痕，代替铅笔的作用；第二遍加深扩宽线条；第三遍休整线条。
Took off the tip from a refill, with proper filing, you would get...
取下水笔笔尖，然后适当的加工，就会得到...
...get this—a little gadget to engrave circles.
...一个刻圆圈的小工具。
End of engraving. Long gone was the depression, a thread of light from hope went through the gloomy sky.
雕刻毕，仰天叹，苦日子终于被我熬出头啦。
Again, annealing.
再次退火。
Bended it over.
掰成圆形。
Couldn't help laughing when the bracelet shaped piece of work came into my eyes.
熬到这里，看着快成型的镯子不禁笑出声来，沉甸甸的很踏实。
Last anneal treatment, left the beauty covered in oxidized silver.
最后一次退火，这时的镯子裹着薄薄的一层氧化银。
Final polishing with the tools I mentioned before and, an agate knife. This is the pic shows half polished bracelet.
最后的抛光，这次的工具外加一把玛瑙刀，上图只抛光了左半边，对比明显。
Here comes the little Miss Gorgeous.
美人儿出场。
Fin
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真厉害啊.......
哎呀！！传说中的缠枝！！
